u 852 wrecku 852 wreck

The depth charges killed the entire U-85 crew. She measured 251 feet, 10 inches in length; 22 feet, 6 inches in the beam; and drew 15 feet, 4 inches. Saling ship Zawisza Czarny and its German WWII engine, The Norwegian Operation and the Torpedo Crisis. [4] After being left unable to dive due to damage from aerial depth charges, she headed for the coast of Somalia. . Today, the submarine lies on the ocean floor almost within sight of the former Newport Torpedo Station which helped develop and test the underwater technology used to destroy it. High-resolution mapping of the site shows the vessel lying keel up on the ocean floor with the bow pointing to the northeast. The crew of the Roper did not suspect much at first, but pursued the contact. The visibility and water temperature vary widely depending on the dynamic, shifting currents. Hutton. Despite having missed, the crew aboard the Freden believed they would be hit and decided to abandon the ship. This month we visit the U-352. Joined later by the destroyer Ericsson (DD440), the American task force detected, attacked, and destroyed the U-853. At first, Ropers crew didnt suspect much, but they dutifully pursued the contact. Download image (jpg, 9.0 MB). Sprague of Boston. Its a truly haunting image.. [4], Numerous men were observed in the water, but no rescue attempt was made until daylight. On February 8, U-85 along with U-654 found and attacked the Southwest bound Convoy ONS 61. This month, well visit Monitor National Marine Sanctuary. Today, the U-352 is one of North Carolina's signature wreck sites. Hey all, I posted a while ago about an online project attempting to find the wreck of U-852 off the coast of Somalia here: Dropping in to mention that we've found it! This month we visit U-701. Additionally, the Leading Engineer and a seaman were complicated in the incident. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. However, once again, the crew on Freden panicked and took to the lifeboats. This year, Scuba Diver Life is partnering with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to bring you images and stories from each of the United States 11 dive-able marine sanctuaries. Posted by: dozmataz_buckshank Date: October 14, 2016 05:31PM. Also, on the site, the density of red barbier baitfish and amberjack is such that it often hinders photographic documentation. In an effort to honor the service and sacrifice of those lost during the Battle of the Atlantic, NOAA in 2019 will release a draft proposal to expand the boundaries of Monitor National Marine Sanctuary to include a nationally significant collection of shipwrecks that currently have little or no legal protection. There are 3 type XXI boats buried in the Elbe II bunker in Hamburg. Greger's first war patrol as Captain began on August 28, 1941, and he was dispatched to patrol for convoys southwest of Iceland. Significance: U-352 is significant to American military history, maritime history and historic archaeology as it was the first U-boat sunk by the United States Coast Guard off the American East Coast during World War II's Battle of the Atlantic. [5] The bodies were fingerprinted, photographed and buried in a night-time military ceremony at the Hampton National Cemetery. Believing that U-boats operated in packs, as they did in other regions, Roper did not want to take the chance of being sunk by an additional U-boat. Standing atop the bridge of the U-boat, the crew of the U-852 meticulously hunted and machine gunned the survivors. Jan. Eck was to be the only U-boat commander found guilty of war crimes and executed after he ordered the machine gunning of survivors from the . During a test dive, however, he discovered that U-85 was not able to dive effectively. The U-852 was itself sunk on May 3 1944 by British aircraft off the coast of Somalia. Video clip depicting the story of the battle between YP-389 and U-701. U-85 was the third Type VII-B built at Flender Werke in Lbeck and was attached to the Third Flotilla from June 1941 until the time of loss on April 14, 1942. At 1800 on March 21, 1942, with a brass band on the pier, with a blooded crew, a confident captain and a well-tried ship, U-85 set out once more for Amerika. Command of the U-85 was given to Oberleutnent zur See Eberhard Greger. The crew of the Roper manned their machine guns and 3-inch deck guns, but as German sailors attempted to man their guns, they came under heavy fire from the Roper. Site Info, NOAA Ocean Exploration The most evil women in history, Ilse Koch. [11] The wreck site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. Privacy Policy It was laid down in Bremen and completed in June 1943. In protest, his Leading Engineer questioned his commander's order but could do little to change the fate of the survivors. U-852 was enroute to the Indian Ocean to join the Monsoon wolfpack operating there. Download image (jpg, 7.8 MB). The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750ft). On 30 November 1945, Eck, Hoffmann and Weisspfennig were executed by naval firing squad.[6]. Shortly before Rathke fired his torpedoes, Icarus got a sonar contact. Rod Mather, University of Rhode Island Applied History Lab. Greger's attack resulted in a devastating counterattack as the Canadian escorts HMCS Skeena and HMCS Alberni delivered a very accurate depth charge assault that Greger narrowly escaped. In 1927, Hawaiian Steamship Company sold her again, this time to C.H. Heinz-Wilhelm Eck was born in Hamburg on March 27 1916, and was raised in Berlin. The hatch of U-85 is on display in the Graveyard of the Atlantic Museum; the submarine herself still serves as an attraction for divers. One survivor managed to escape and was eventually rescued by allied ships. On 30 April 1944, U-852 was spotted in the Indian Ocean by a Vickers Wellington bomber flying from Aden. Heinz Eck had survivors and wreckage from the Greek steamer Peleus machine-gunned with the intention of erasing all traces of the sinking. The remains of this little-known battlefield serve as the final resting place for 90 ships and nearly 1,700 men lost during the Battle of the Atlantic. The dramatic end to U-852. comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment . The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 200 metres (660ft). Wreck Site Of the U-boats off North Carolina's coast, U- 352 had the least eventful operational career. This event has been described as an amazing story of ineptitude on both sides. He had lived to tell the story which had led to the indictment of the four U-boat officers and a seaman. U-352 sank while the majority of the crew was able to escape. Scuba Diver Life With orders to patrol off the coast of the United States, the U-boat reached New Jersey and, on April 10, found its first target. Two weeks later the U-852 sank the British cargo ship Dahomian off Cape Town on 1 April. The history behind this site has been televised and featured on the History Channel and is one of North Carolina's best-known dive sites. Roper illuminated the U-boat with its searchlight and observed men on deck near the gun whose firing arc had just been cleared by the course change. The vessels were joint players in one of the final acts of the Battle of the North Atlantic during World War II. As it turned out, not all the survivors were killed. However, before reaching land the U-boat came under attack from six RAF bombers from 621 Squadron. (Photo: Joe Hoyt, NOAA), Today, U-85 offers habitat to an abundance of marine life, including these oceanic triggerfish. At the beginning of May 1945, the Black Point departed Newport News, Virginia, for Weymouth, Massachusetts, with her cargo holds full of coal. [5] The British also discovered the Fa 330 Bachstelze rotor kite, a towed one-man aerial observation platform.[1]. The forward torpedo loading hatch, battery hatch, and forward personnel hatch are all clearly visible, as is the conning tower, the aft gun mount, and several of the submarines compressed air flasks. Earlier that day the four-stack destroyer USS Roper set out from Norfolk on its way to Cape Hatteras for antisubmarine patrol. Website Satisfaction Survey The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines plus two MWM RS34.5S six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines for cruising, producing a total of 9,000 metric horsepower (6,620kW; 8,880shp) for use while surfaced, and two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010PS; 750kW) for use while submerged. Eck was forced to run aground on a coral reef (.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}932N 5059E / 9.533N 50.983E / 9.533; 50.983Coordinates: 932N 5059E / 9.533N 50.983E / 9.533; 50.983) about 20km (12mi) from shore. Rouse, Parke, Jr., "Under the Cloak of Night", U.S. National Register of Historic Places, "2008 Battle of the Atlantic Survey Methodology", "Home Found for "Enigmatic" WW II U-boat Relic", U-85 Memorial Page with Crew members' birth dates and places, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_submarine_U-85_(1941)&oldid=1119483562, World War II Shipwrecks along the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico MPS, 2,8003,200PS (2,1002,400kW; 2,8003,200bhp) (diesels), 90nmi (170km; 100mi) at 4 knots (7.4km/h; 4.6mph) submerged, Schlagetot (20 October 1 November 1941), This page was last edited on 1 November 2022, at 20:56. Gross Tonnage: 761/865 tons (surfaced/submerged) Cargo: N/A, Built: 1940, Flensburger Schiffsbau-Ges, Flensburg, Schleswig-Holsein, Germany, Hull Number: 471 Port of Registry: Germany, Sunk By: USCGC Icarus Survivors: 33 of 48 survived (15 dead). (Photo: Steve Sellers, ECU/NOAA), NOAA-UBOAT-143 NOAA diver tracks a sand tiger shark as it circles U-85. Many thanks in advance and best regards. Setting sail from St. Nazaire, France, on March 21, 1942, U-85 was making its third and final journey. The site rests in approximately 90 feet of water about 14 miles east of Oregon Inlet. As the German sailors attempted to exit the conning tower to man their guns, they came under heavy fire from Ropers crew. Many of the individual hull plates are visible in the imagery. Seven crewmen were lost in the engagement; the remainder fled ashore. As a result, rather than rescuing the crew of the U-85, Roper rode right through the mass of sailors in the water and dropped an additional 11 depth charges to ensure that it was sunk. During this time, Roper believed it had another sonar contact, which was likely the U-85 as it sank. German Type VIIB submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIA submarines. If so, are there still some parts of U-852 near Somalias coast, that can be found? During the journey, Eck torpedoed and sank the Greek tramp steamer, SS Peleus. Sie wurden am nchsten Tag von den Briten aufgenommen. Error loading comments 56,701 views 0 faves On April 13, 1942, U- 85 was sitting in shallow water off Bodie Island lighthouse waiting for targets. This time the U-852 left rather than attack the survivors. Download image (jpg, 270 KB). She was laid down at the Flender Werke in Lbeck on 18 December 1939 as yard number 281. Kapitn Leutnant Heinz Wilhelm Eck of U-852 was indicted and sentenced to death by firing squad at the Nuremberg Tribunal on November 30 1945. Fearing that they may attempt to man their deck guns, Icarus began delivering heavy machine-gun fire, which resulted in the deaths of several crew aboard the U-boat. This year, Scuba Diver Life and NOAA are partnering to profile 12 different ships in the Graveyard of the Atlantic. On this patrol, U-85 returned to American waters, specifically off the United States coast. The bodies were brought back to Norfolk and later that evening, they were buried in Hampton National Cemetery in Hampton, Virginia with full military honors under the cover of darkness. Nine crew members were lost. The submarine was equipped with four torpedo tubes in the bow and two in the stern. Read about one of the most interesting events of the U-boat of WWII when Heinz-Wilhelm Eck of U-852 ordered the wreck of the torpedoed merchant Peleus destroyed with machine-gun fire. Here you can read about the 2 4-man saboteur teams inserted in USA during the summer of 1942, the automatic weather station erected in Labrador in 1943 and the 2 agents landed at Cape Cod in late 1944. This commission helps us to maintain and improve the forum for the benefit of our users. Report an Error, Site Index After taking on fuel and fresh provisions, Greger was ready to take U-85 on a second war patrol, but this one too was a very frustrating and disappointing patrol. Download image (jpg, 377 KB). The prosecutor was Colonel Halse of the Advocate Generals Office. The remains of the World War II German submarine U-853 and the American merchant ship/collier, Black Point, lie in Rhode Island Sound, about 6.25 nautical miles apart. British forces captured her crew. This site is visited on a Full Day Dive Trip. JavaScript is disabled. Those charged were Heinz Eck, age 29, August Hoffmann , Walter Weisspfennig , they were executed by a fire squad 30-11-1945. On April 10, while off the New Jersey coast, U- 85 found its first target, Swedish freighter Christina Knudsen. Over the next several hours, Rathke got off two torpedoes, both of which missed. An investigation into a Swedish-Estonian ferry that sank into the Baltic Sea 27 years ago turned up no new evidence that would contradict the official investigation report, the Associated Press. U-852 had a displacement of 1,610 tonnes (1,580 long tons) when at the surface and 1,799 tonnes (1,771 long tons) while submerged. It was either the last or second-to-last (probably the latter) German submarine sunk by U.S. forces in World War II, one day before Germany's official surrender in Europe. It is unclear whether the German U-boat commander received Donitzs order to cease attacks or whether he willfully ignored it. They were convicted at a British military tribunal in Hamburg, (held concurrently during the Nuremberg Trials) for killing the survivors of the torpedoed Greek steamer Peleus in 1944. Click above to view a dive slate for U-85. Group Schlei was to return to France and begin preparing for deployment to U.S. waters. For their actions in sinking U-85, Destroyer Division 54 commander, Commander Stanley C. Norton and the Roper's captain, Lieutenant commander Hamilton W. Howe, were each awarded the Navy Cross.[8][9]. She had two shafts and two 1.23m (4ft) propellers. Sea life at the site of U-352 is prolific and typical of a sub-tropical marine ecosystem. The text is below: As U-852 broke the surface, her gun crews swarmed out and manned the anti-aircraft guns. (Photo: NOAA), A photomosaic, site plan and dive slate are a few of the products produced for U-85 by Monitor National Marine Sanctuary. However, before reaching land the U-boat came under attack from six RAF bombers from 621 Squadron. The hearing was known as the Peleus Trial. This year, Scuba Diver Life and NOAA are partnering to profile 12 different ships in the Graveyard of the Atlantic. In January, U-352 transferred from Kiel to Bergen, and set out for its first patrol on January 20. Sections 101(a)(5)(A) and (D) of the MMPA (16 U.S.C. Heinz Wilhelm Eck: U-852, the only U-Boat War Criminal with the sinking of SS Peleus. The survivors were taken to Charleston, South Carolina, as prisoners of war. Some of the bodies were wearing civilian clothes, carrying wallets with United States currency and identification cards. Although her commander, Charles E. Prior took a coastal route, not considering threats from German U-boats to be particularly severe. Sitting in very shallow water and knowing they were being tracked, the crew of U-85 decided to try to escape on the surface, hoping that their increased speed would get the U-boat into deeper water before Roper could attack. Some of these tubes still have visible torpedoes inside. U-85 was the first U-boat loss of "Operation Drumbeat" (Paukenschlag), the offensive off the eastern seaboard of the United States in 1942. Icarus left the area for approximately an hour to await instructions on how to proceed. HMT Bedfordshire is one vessel included in the proposal. U-85s captain must have decided to scuttle and abandon the ship. The gap between the two vessels closed, and a surface engagement ensued. The U-boat Memorial at Mltenort. As the U-boat began to sink at the stern, Ropers crew watched the German sailors jump into the water and beg to be rescued. The Enigma machine was recovered from the wreck by private divers (Jim Bunch, Roger & Rich Hunting)[12] and in 2003 the German government agreed to allow the machine to be displayed at the Graveyard of the Atlantic Museum, in Hatteras, North Carolina. The submarine was equipped with four torpedo tubes in the bow and two in the stern. Greger sunk the ship and then proceeded directly to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Wolfgang Schwender, an enlisted engineer, who said he only shot at debris not survivors - until being replaced by the reluctant Lenz - received 15 years (but was paroled six years later, in 1951). Abrams, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: U-352, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: the Tamaulipas, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: U-701, Preserving Americas Underwater Battlefield: W.E. On April 13, 1942, U-85 was sitting in shallow water off Bodie Island lighthouse waiting for targets. [3], The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 20.8 knots (38.5km/h; 23.9mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 6.9 knots (12.8km/h; 7.9mph). Did they finally blow it up and leave the wreckage behind? U-85 embarked on its third war patrol on January 8, 1942. Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in May 1944, "Heinz-Wilhelm Eck: Siegerjustiz and the Peleus Affair", "Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 19411942", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_submarine_U-852&oldid=1147548307, World War II shipwrecks in the Indian Ocean, Military history of British Somaliland during World War II, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 20.8 knots (38.5km/h; 23.9mph) surfaced, 57nmi (106km; 66mi) at 4 knots (7.4km/h; 4.6mph) submerged, This page was last edited on 31 March 2023, at 17:36. By then, there were no survivors among the 29 bodies floating in life jackets. The U-853 was a type IXC/40 German submarine launched on March 11, 1943, and commissioned June 25 that same year. The prosecutor was Colonel Halse of the Advocate General's Office.The presiding judge was Major A. Melford Stevenson. direct the Secretary of Commerce (as delegated to NMFS) to allow, upon request, the incidental, but not intentional, taking of small numbers of marine mammals by U.S. citizens who engage in a specified activity (other than commercial fishing) within a specified geographical . This triggered a hunt for the U-boat, but in a surprising twist, Frmsdorf did not flee the scene. Greger and his men again returned to Lorient unsuccessful. On May 9, 1942 it was sunk by the Coast Guard Cutter Icarus. After completing his training in 1937 he spent five years on minesweepers, commanding one from 1939. Two other officers of U-852, the 2WO and the doctor were also indicted and shot. Roper returned after daylight and recovered the bodies of 29 sailors. Both of which were part of the 6th U-boat Flotilla.During her short time in the war, she sank no . The story of the incident really began on a summer day of March 13, 1944. This very interesting page explains the controversial order of 1 May, 1943 to stay up and fight the aircraft attacking the U-boats. And with its 88-mm gun pointed toward the surface, U-85 looks like its still looking for Allied vessels to sink. This page covers the events related to U-boats since 1945, including boats taken over by the allies after the war and their eventual fate. Just south of Nags Head, North Carolina, U-85 waited in shallow water near the Bodie Island Lighthouse, looking for potential targets. There were only three survivors from the 35-man Peleus. At the bow, the outer-hull is gone, exposing the pressure hull and the four forward torpedo tubes. German submarine U-85 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. Data Collected on Site: Still and video photography; site plan; high and low resolutions multibeams; 3-D video, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Contact Us This month we visit the Tamaulipas. As Roper began to close in on U-85, the crew suspected that they were pursuing a submarine. U-85's second patrol started and finished in Lorient, but was unremarkable. There youll also find a 3D model of U-85, a photomosaic, a video, site plan, and dive slate. Beginning on May 5, far out to sea off Cape Hatteras, N.C., U-352 began a game of cat-and-mouse with the Swedish merchant vessel SS Freden. Roper then quickly left for fear of another boat in the area, but returned after daylight and recovered the bodies of 29 sailors. Unlike U-85 and U-701, U-352 rests south of Cape Hatteras, off Cape Lookout in more stable conditions and more inviting Gulf Stream water for the average diver. Early in the day on April 13, USS Roper set out from Norfolk, Virginia, heading south to Cape Hatteras for antisubmarine patrol. Short video about the wreck of the German U-boat, U-85 sunk off North Carolina during World War Two. [3] The U-boat had a total length of 87.58m (287ft 4in), a pressure hull length of 68.50m (224ft 9in), a beam of 7.50m (24ft 7in), a height of 10.20m (33ft 6in), and a draught of 5.35m (17ft 7in). U-352 was part of Group Schlei and was ordered, along with twelve other U-boats, to converge on an area West of Rockall and to begin looking for convoys. Eck and two of his crew were tried and executed after the . She was 55 feet in the beam and rated at 5,353 tons. On June 15 Eck took command of the new Type IXD-852 and put the boat through months of training before leaving from Kiel for the Indian Ocean. National marine sanctuaries protect some of the most spectacular ocean and Great Lakes resources in the United States, including shipwrecks like the USS Monitor. Each shipwreck tells a unique story; today we visit the U-85. One of the most successful Hunter-Killers of WWII. Their exploration was featured on the History Channel special, Titanic's Final Moments - Missing Pieces. Standing atop the bridge of the U-boat, the crew of the U-852 meticulously hunted and machine gunned the survivors. However, the wreck site is likely the U-boat most frequently dived by recreational divers. [1] She had a total length of 66.50m (218ft 2in), a pressure hull length of 48.80m (160ft 1in), a beam of 6.20m (20ft 4in), a height of 9.50m (31ft 2in), and a draught of 4.74m (15ft 7in). This mission was recalled shortly after its deployment due to the offensive building up off the U.S East Coast. According to the Navy report, 13 men died aboard the U-352. They both received a reduced sentence of prison terms. At the end of February, the vessel retuned empty handed to St. Nazaire. In 1942 he volunteered for the U-boat force and was accepted for training at Pillau on 8 June 1942. To learn more about the proposal, click here. German submarine U-852 was a Type IXD2 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. On May 9, U-352 began the engagement that would end in its demise. Roper not only had the advantage of more surface artillery but were also able to reach their guns sooner. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The presiding judge was Major A. Melford Stevenson. In fact, he was still in Rhode Island Sound when the U.S. frigate Moberly (PF-63) and destroyer escorts Amick (DE168) and Atherton (DE-168) commenced the hunt for the submarine 90 minutes after the Black Point sank. This site was discovered in 1974 by Olympus owner and Captain, George Purifoy, and several friends. She was sunk in April 1942 by the US destroyer Roper. Lieutenant Commander Maurice Jester aboard Icarus reacted appropriately. 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Sinking of SS Peleus it was sunk by the destroyer Ericsson ( DD440,! By allied ships of our users only had the least eventful operational.! From aerial depth charges, she headed for the U-boat, U-85 waited shallow... Aircraft off the United States coast gun pointed toward the surface, returned! At Pillau on 8 June 1942 x27 ; s signature wreck sites in a military! Crew suspected that they were pursuing a submarine each shipwreck tells a unique story today. On 1 April bow pointing to the offensive building up off the New coast... Noaa are partnering to profile 12 different ships in the imagery but do... Of March 13, 1944 nchsten Tag von den Briten aufgenommen France and begin preparing for deployment to U.S..... Given to Oberleutnent zur See Eberhard greger several hours, Rathke got off two torpedoes, Icarus a! Were heinz Eck, age 29, August Hoffmann, Walter Weisspfennig, they came under heavy fire Ropers... Command of the four U-boat officers and a surface engagement ensued attacked, and dive slate,,... Tell the story which had led to the indictment of the bodies were wearing civilian clothes, carrying with... Several friends 101 ( a ) and ( D ) of the German sailors attempted to exit the tower! Visibility and water temperature vary widely depending on the dynamic, shifting currents with its 88-mm gun pointed the... At the site shows the vessel lying keel up on the Ocean floor with the bow two... The incident really began on a Full day dive Trip the forum for coast! Men again returned to Lorient unsuccessful to learn more about the proposal route, not all survivors... Rhode Island Applied History Lab it sank force detected, attacked, and dive slate to 230 metres 750ft! Indian Ocean by a fire squad 30-11-1945 is visited on a Full dive! Mapping of the German U-boat, but was unremarkable also indicted and sentenced death... Suspected that they were charged when the War ended up on the National Register of Historic Places in.... April 1942 by the shorter Type VIIA submarines spotted in the Indian Ocean join. Icarus left the area, but returned after daylight and recovered the bodies 29! A better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding and identification cards submarine equipped... Triggered a hunt for the U-boat most frequently dived by recreational divers was able to.! 230 metres ( 660ft ) U-85 looks like its still looking for potential targets 35-man Peleus submarine U-852 indicted... Sunk by the us destroyer Roper by the coast of Somalia executed by a fire squad 30-11-1945 however before... Several hours, Rathke got off two torpedoes, both of which missed 25 that same year to the. Ss Peleus a sub-tropical Marine ecosystem dived by recreational divers greger and his again...

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