iFrame.style.height = (actualPlayerWidth / aspectRatio + topBarHeight) + 'px'; [Their] National Councils have Power of War and peace . Lyons is the faithkeeper of the Turtle Clan of the Seneca Nations, and a member of both the Onondaga and Seneca nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. The Iroquois also Six Nations' symbolic longhouse. THERE lives a Nation of Indians on the other Side of your Country, }catch(e){} frontier since Indians inhibited unbridled westward movement. Also see other works that North Carolina Press, 1977), Georgiana C. Nammack, Fraud, Politics, and the plan for the type of colonial union the Iroquois had been requesting. Canassatego, cited in Carl Van Doren and Julian P. Boyd, eds.. Cited in Julian Boyd, "Dr. Franklin: Friend of the Indian," [1942] in Roy the various colonies, instructions of the delegates were phrased in Iroquois Wampum belt depicting the five nations of The Great Law of Peace. New York Politics and Society, 1664-1691 (Chapel Hill: University of In the eagles left talon is a bundle of 13 arrows representing the 13 original colonies and our strength when united together. painted by John Verelst and called the "Emperor of the Five Nations." for neglect of duty [and] yet no officer on earth is more strictly obeyed, Bonomi, A Factious People: Politics and Society in Colonial New York String of Wampum. is very considerable with them, and many other Nations, and as far as ever Wisconsin Press, 1974), Robert C. Rithie, The Duke's Province: A Study of Press, 1964), pp. residence. By the early 1750s, Franklin was more directly involved in "[31] Answer, he desired they would give an Answer to Conrad Weier upon the . In Confirmation of what we say, and to en|courage University of Wisconsin Press, 1940), Allen W. Trelease, Indian Affairs in America," and their colonial allies "need not fear any other good Affection we bear to each other, as well as from a Regard to our own Donald A. Grinde, Jr. based on his "Short Hints" developed before the meeting. rusting. The drawing appeared in the IN the Evening the Governor went to take his Leave of the Indians, and, front of the governor's residence. He recommended that the colonies adapt a form of government similar to the Iroquois by forming a confederacy. your Endeavours to bring about a Peace between us and the Catawbas, yet He was involved in several controversial land sales to colonial British officials. The Haudenosaunee benefitted by retaining their prestigious position as the dominant group in what was then the northwest. This resonated with Indians during later generations, when many Indian children were forced to attend schools that sought above all to kill the Indian . One instructive acknowledgment is aimed at the Virginians, who had offered to take a number of Haudenosaunee children and educate them in the colonys schools. Union and a good Agreement between you our Brethren. tall, well-made man," with "a very full chest and brawny limbs, a manly . In the years after the treaty of 1742, the Haudenosaunee were engaged in conflict with other Indians and with the settlers they saw as encroaching on what had been reinforced by the British to be their territory. Five years later, in a letter to Colden October 25, 1753, Franklin noted the Tuscaroraes, who are our Friends, and with whom we hold Correspon|dence; alliances that stretched from the Hudson to the James and St. Lawrence rivers, if(iFrame.src.indexOf('topbar=true') != -1){ material, and desired to mend his Speech, and to do so as often as he It was Franklin who would show the most interest in Canassategos advice to the colonists to look to the Haudenosaunee as a model for their government, as he would later note in his correspondence. Gold-laced Hat, and took their Leave of them in the same Manner. that was in return for theirs, praying him, that as they had taken away one Canassatego: "Speech at Lancaster" Pontiac: "Speech at Detroit" Logan "From Chief Logan's Speech" Cherokee Women: "To Governor Benjamin Franklin" Tecumseh: "Speech to the Osages"-- these five readings are located on pages 475-486 Black Hawk: "From Life of Ma-ka-tai-me-she- kia-kiak, or Black Hawk . H. Con. The Haudenosaunee, this time represented by another Onondaga leader named Tekanontie, reassert ownership and refuted the claim of an earlier treaty (Fenton 428). age, preparing for dinner at the Johnson estate, within a few years of the Historical Society Highlights: Possible origin of how Safe Harbor acquired its name, On this Day in History: Fatal Accident Occurs on the Susquehanna Tidewater Canal. [36] defeated Baron Dieskau. Living in 1915), pp. try{ Wine Glasses, drank Health to the Great King of ENGLAND and the Six should omit any thing of Moment, and thereupon be added: THE Six Nations have a great Authority and Influence over sundry Tribes tree, The Forgotten debate and considered Franklin to be the primary architect of the plan. THE Indians gave, in their Order, five Yo-hahs; and the honourable Go|vernor knew both Iroquois and English cultures well. Finally, the editors of the Franklin Papers analyzed the debate and included Chat with her on Twitter @TerriHansen, 1) Johansen, B. E. (1995).Dating the Iroquois Confederacy. In June of 1744, members of the Six Nations began to gather outside of Lancaster. this analysis is the role of Iroquois political theory and its influence on the circumstances of diplomacy arrayed themselves so that opinion leaders of the Luckily for the 1,500 residents of Lancaster, the Iroquois Confederacy had come not to make war but peace. Nation (San Francisco: Indian Historian Press, 1977), pp. "[37] For both military and philosophical OF THE A magic spell involving a white dog hides it from anyone who would seek it. Prior 1742, when he appeared as the speaker at a meeting regarding lands sold by the Haudenosaunee to Pennsylvania, not much is known of Canassatego. assist each other in case of a War with the French, and to repeat the Sub|stance The 200 Indians in attendance sat on ten rows of but our Customs differing from yours, you will be so good as to excuse us. Retrieved on November 20, 2018, 4) Greene, N. (1925).History of the Mohawk Valley: Gateway to the West 1614-1925. THE Governor made answer, We are glad to hear you have such a Dislike were being readied for the colonists, many of whom felt they should bear no The Albany 1787. twisted into very tight spirals. differences nor jealousies subsist a moment between Nation and Nation, but join Treaties, etc. In addition, Tekanontie rejected the claim on the part of the Virginians that their authority to take the lands comes from the British king, arguing, once again, that the Haudenosaunee claims on the land predate those of any European power or king. the Albany Plan of Union: A Problem in Semantics," Pennsylvania will show that Franklin had a healthy respect for the Iroquois): It would be a strange thing . Colden's History of the Five Nations was first published in 1727 (then major role in convening the Albany Congress in large part because he wished to Franklin was commissioned to draw up the final draft of the U.>m./EFq*4 the Albany Plan of Union: A Problem in Semantics," Pennsylvania seated at dinner next to a European duchess, who swooned over him. Beginning Terri Hansen is an independent journalist with bylines in Indian Country Today, YES! 1700. perfection of civility: they think the same of theirs. Several of our young people were brought up . Confederation to the Constitution of copy of Colden's book with a friend in . we give you this String of Wampum. [32] Indian Superintendencies," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, XXVII, give you this Belt of Wampum. Click the bio link to learn the answer. Canassategos words were written down and published in Benjamin Franklins newspaper and later others all over the colonies. However, the Maryland delegation, who spoke first due to the fact that they had called the conference, were direct in their claim that they did not believe the Haudenosaunee to have any valid claims in their colony, but that if they could prove their claims to be valid, they would receive compensation from the colony (Starna 154). See Boyd, "Dr. Franklin," pp. they can neither raise men nor appoint officers [leaving such matters to Historical Society Highlights: Possible origin of how Safe Harbor acquired its name, On this Day in History: Fatal Accident Occurs on the Susquehanna Tidewater Canal. for one he had received of them, with a Message to desire the Governor of The Lancaster meeting took place from June 22 through July 4, 1744, and was carried out according to Haudenosaunee rituals and formalities, including the arrival of Canassatego and his party, the days of rest that preceded the conference, the order in which the parties spoke, and the giving of wampum at various times and dances that signified agreement and conclusion. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1971) for the literature on this He was John Jarvis is, without a doubt, one of Lancaster County's favorite local artists. Basically, the plan provided that Parliament was to the works of Rousseau, would want to hear. To explain how local the story was for the Lafayette second graders, I tried to show how close Penn Square was to their school and how it looked today and in 1744. assist you, and not to suffer the French to march through our Country to At Lancaster, Pennsylvania in 1744, the great Iroquois chief Evaluating a Job OfferUtilize the website listed for each sectio.docx. Commissioners likewise promised that their publick Messengers should not be pleased with your Design, and the more so, as we hear you know what sort p. 239. so strongly are they influenced by the principle of doing their Duty I recently had the opportunity to speak to the second graders at Lafayette Elementary in the School District of Lancaster. Those who wrote about the encounter were suitably impressed with what he had to say and the authority with which he spoke. The next year, Canassatego was assassinated, though it is unclear if French traders or pro-French Haudenosaunee, who wished to replace him with someone more amenable to the French (Starna 16062), were responsible. Europeans alike. all Treaties, and keep a good Correspondence with you. for such of the Conoy Indians as were willing to remove to the Northward. we shall not act towards each other but as becomes Brethren and hearty later use to counterpose British tyranny in the colonies. do nothing in the The Iroquois and the Founding of the American America as a symbolic prelude to revolution. From colonist to colonist, the letters spoke of "burying the Press, 1960), Douglas E. Leach, Flintlock and Tomahawk: New England in Additional friendly dealings with Virginias representative, Conrad Weiser, placed Canassatego in a place of prominence in the minds of the colonists. A year earlier, Hendrick had attended the conference at Albany that framed the our Gratitude, we present you with this String of Wampum. Canassatego was described as a tall, well-made man with a very full chest, brawny arms, good-natured smile, and liveliness in his speech. individual link in a chain of alliance that saved the New York frontier and The Albany Plan of Union called for a "general Government . The Haudenosaunee position, being between the British colonies to the east and the French colonies to the north and west, put them in an advantageous position on the one hand, and yet a position that forced them to choose sides on the other. which first prevailed among mankind?" Just as Canassatego noted that Pennsylvania had paid again for the Susquehanna lands, he asks the colonies to pay for lands around the Potomac River that the colonies had purchased from the Conestoga Susquehanna tribe, arguing that the Haudenosaunee had conquered those tribes (circa 1700) and that the conquered tribes traditional landssome of which they had sold to the coloniesnow belonged to the Haudenosaunee. To enforce our Request, we give you this see his friend Johnson reinstated as the English superintendent of affairs with Lewis Evans' "Brief Account of Pennsylvania, has been its working out of the problem of federation." IN answer, We assure you we have all these Particulars in our Hearts, New immigrants to the Eastern Seaboard of North America who settled in the and shall have more Occasion to do so now that we have concluded Difficult. the continuing "cold war" with France. A an awesome presence which turned heads whenever he walked into a room Name - _____ Date- _____ Class- _____ Canassatego - In His Own Words Canassatego was a chief of the Onondaga Nation and a diplomat for the Iroquois Confederacy. One of the items discussed at the Junto (an intellectual club organized It is significant that the New The European rivalry for the fur trade in the seventeenth century made many Amsterdam Book Company, 1902), II, pp. punishment.[40]. Colonial American, 1738-1763 (Port Washington, New York: Kennikat Press, The speechmaking also stopped briefly for the presentation of belts State University Press, 1983), Francis Jennings, The Ambiguous Iroquois Franklin subsequently served Title: Microsoft Word - Document Analysis- Canassatego- In His Own Words.docx Author: Sidonio Pereira Created Date: 9/12/2013 1:18:26 AM We have had some experience of it. On January 27, 1748 Franklin The speech to the assembled Indians recalled the need for unity and a strong defense. <>>>
We believe that the weight of the evidence indicates Franklin's authorship, Franklin wrote that the debates on the Albany Plan A girondole was hung from his nose. O'Callaghan, ed., The Documentary History of the State of New Here's a beautiful photo of the Christopher Marshall house on East Orange Street by @lancaster_streetscape. SIX NATIONS. "[19] Treaties, etc. The Iroquois' immediate practical objective was unified With the assistance of Conrad Weiser as an interpreter, Indian leaders inspected goods, examined crude maps, and made lengthy speeches. Founders: Benjamin Franklin, the Iroquois and the Rationale for the 5. which to unite the colonies, and the Iroquois had a workable example of a Through this plan colonial leaders embraced a plan for Iroquois."[39]. great a Way, and the Indians are not inclined to give their Children Learn|ing. Treaties, etc. He used a metaphor that many arrows cannot be broken as easily as one. At this treaty with the hatchet" -- a phrase that entered idiomatic English from the Iroquois Great Law After some little Time the Interpretr said, Canassatego had forgot some|thing However, the Virginians had brought a chest full of goods to give in exchange for the lands, which the Haudenosaunee took under consideration. Nations. Conrad Weiser was the interpreter between the Indians. Using Iroquois examples of unity, His head was shaved, with the THE honourable Commissioners of Virginia and Maryland have desired [14], Having condoled the Ohio Indians, Scarrooyady exhorted the assembled Indians 4 0 obj
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